We identify and explain ECU functions and calibrations relevant to alleged defeat devices and emissions-control strategies. Our analysis covers the full firmware binary – from control-flow reconstruction to calibration interpretation and cross-version comparison.

Example topics

• EGR, SCR, LNT, and DPF
• Injection, heating strategies, and thermal management
• Pre-/post-update comparisons and variant analysis
• Oil-quality models, aging models, and diagnostic logic
• Calibrations, maps, thresholds, and state logic
• Temperature windows and operating-condition dependencies

Typical questions

• Which ECU functions affect emissions control?
• Under which temperature, time, mileage, altitude, or driving conditions does a strategy become active?
• Is the behavior different in test, real-driving, or customer-use conditions?
• What role do software updates or variant versions play?
• How can a firmware finding be supported by measurements, diagnostic data, or vehicle testing?

Typical deliverables

Our findings are documented so that lawyers, other experts, and courts can follow the technical reasoning. Deliverables include:

• Early technical case assessment
• Control-flow and data-flow documentation
• Variant and version comparison tables
• Technical exhibits, summary tables, and written expert reports
• Disclosure request support and input
• Measurement and vehicle testing proposals
• Test data analysis and interpretation
• Expert meetings, hearing support, and oral evidence preparation

We describe implementation and technical effect. Legal assessment remains with legal teams and courts.