Many embedded-system patents concern functions that are not externally visible and are not available as source code. The relevant evidence often lies inside the firmware binary. 43IT supports patent holders and litigation teams in finding, verifying, and documenting technical patent claim elements in accused embedded firmware.

Example topics

• Firmware binaries, bootloaders, and application code
• Control logic and state machines
• Sensor/actuator logic and communication protocols
• Update packages and firmware versions
• Memory content, EEPROM, and non-volatile data
• Reference implementations and accused implementations

Typical deliverables

• Identification of implemented features
• Code-to-claim mapping
• Technical claim charts
• Reference versus defendant firmware comparison
• Control-flow and data-flow analysis
• Documentation of relevant code paths, constants, tables, and states
• Technical expert reports

Why 43IT

Our Diesel Scandal work built exactly the capabilities many embedded patent disputes require:

• Binary analysis without source code
• Understanding of complex control strategies
• Comparison of multiple software versions
• Clear explanation of technical findings in adversarial proceedings

We provide technical evidence. Legal infringement assessment remains the task of legal teams and the competent courts.